Copyright & Fair Use- 6

 

    Copyright and fair use is two completely different aspects to be informative. Copyright is defined as a form of protection grounded in the United States Constitution and granted by law for original works of authorship fixed in a tangible medium of expression. Fair use is defined as a legal doctrine that promotes freedom of expression by permitting the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances. Copyright and fair use in the media however is practically the same thing, Copyright and fair use in the media is the right to use any permitted media material without any payment or permission under any circumstances.

    When someone shares their creative work such as a song, book, or even design in the media it is rightfully their work right? Though you cannot freely post someone else’s copyrighted work on social media, you can still share it with certain guidelines. For example, if someone goes live on social media with music playing in the background that’s not their creative work the person has to add ‘I do not own the copyrights of the music playing in the background’ to proceed with their video and post. There are many exceptions when it comes to copyright and fair use. Things that are educational-related online are most likely to be in the category of fair use, while a quote that is posted as a Facebook status is most likely to be considered copyrighted. 

    Copyright is protection from offenses against the owner. Fair use is more open than copyright material because in many situations it is fair to use. YouTube has the most noticeable copyright and fair use policy and procedure that I have seen in many cases. YouTube allows copyright tools that give YouTubers control over their work. Many YouTubers use their favorite songs in their video's intros, if the song's link isn't posted in the video's description, the creator of the video will be charged or the sound of the video will be deleted by YouTube. According to YouYube’s policy, it doesn't matter how long you use the song, it no longer makes a difference. Though some videos and websites tell you how you can use a copyrighted song on YouTube without restrictions it is merely impossible to do.

            Independent creators on YouTube have found their way not to rely on moving to Hollywood to make it big in the public figure industry because the dependence becomes tricky and even unfair. Even with record deals, it is easier to go independent as an artist rather than selling your creativity to someone else to make money off of someone else. I say this because YouTubers who have consistently had issues with copyright and fair use have found a way to work smarter instead of harder. Instead of using copyrighted songs, many YouTubers have taken the money they make from their vlog earnings, booked studio time, and recorder their songs, pretty clever, right? Understanding the significance and importance of copyright and fair use is essential to those who are new to YouTube and even starting a business. There are many examples and guidelines to help share the importance of each term.

https://www.eff.org/wp/unfiltered-how-youtubes-content-id-discourages-fair-use-and-dictates-what-we-see-online

Reporter's Privilege- 5

 

    According to research, the idea of reporter's privilege is that a journalist has limited access to the first amendment and does not have to reveal information that they aren't comfortable with revealing. As a reporter, I imagine how hard it could be to choose not to say something uncomfortable due to the backlash one may receive for choosing not to do so. In the year 2019, many journalists were fined and locked up for refusing to share confidential sources and information about their jobs. Organizations like the 'Reporters Freedom Committee' help journalists fight cases as such. 

            Journalists face numerous amount of legal threats for upholding the standards of their jobs. The Reporters Committee study's cases about journalists and the journalist's job and organization. The Reporters Committee has helped many people from the 1950s to now. There are over twenty cases that have been fought by a journalist with the help of The Reporters Committee. 'Freedom of Press' is also involved in cases about a journalist having legal rights relating to their jobs.

    The Reporters Committee's intention is to keep access private when it comes to privacy interests or journalists and certain companies. We have seen scenes in movies where if a person doesn't share information, private information that they'll get locked up with the key thrown away, journalist and media specialist that are in front of behind the camera struggle with this issue often in the world of mass media. In the year of 2006, a vlogger was in jail for a month for refusing to share videotape that the FBI claimed included protestors destroying a police car. Josh Wolf, who was the vlogger who refused to give the feds the take was released on bail to only be placed back into jail after his hearing.

Qualifying for reporters' privilege has its pros and cons in the media world. For a reporter to qualify for reporter privilege they have to be fully engaged in their occupation. Some believe that reporter's privilege comes with a series of issues and problems while others feel that reporters have every right to file the protection to uphold their job titles and appeal under court orders. I believe that reporters should continue to have the right to reporters' privilege and not have unpublished possibly published to the public. It's also important that reporters and journalist protect their sources because a lot of things could go sour if they don’t.

If reporters don’t take action to protect their sources they could be sued or even worse, fired. Some reporters are forced to reveal information anonymously until it is revealed to the public. A lot of advantages and disadvantages. The whole point is, reporters' privilege is a basic human right in the world of media. Issues may vary during reporters privilege cases, but it is however necessary. The reason is that it is necessary is because it aligns with politics as well as protects job titles that are needed in society.

https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/amdt1_3_1/

https://online.maryville.edu/blog/journalist-vs-reporter/

           

Plagiarism & Fabrication- 4

 

    Plagiarism and Fabrication in the media is defined as taking one's work and presenting it as your own, just like the general context of plagiarism and fabrication. In journalism plagiarism and fabrication are considered deadly almost. To not indulge in plagiarism and fabrication in the media is like a ten commandment, it's essential not to copy and paste, point blank period. We know that plagiarism is one of the most basic terms of taking someone else's creativity and adding a twist to that person's hard work and turning it into your own. However, plagiarism is a big violation, especially in college and the media.

    We all know research upon facts, stories, and other reasons are essential. Researching for knowledge to go into your creative storyline is even more important when we as media specialists and college students use the research correctly. I know what you're thinking, how can a person research and not use the research word from a word? Research is for learning purposes and fact-checking purposes as far as we know. Some may feel it's impossible to type a paper without using the topic’s research without typing things word from word, but that’s what being incapable of being creative and original is.

    I will always be stunned by how social media took the controversy about Melania Trump to the next level. In 2016, first lady Melania Trump gave a speech that critics found to be similar to first lady’s, Michele Obama’s speech that was spoken in 2008. Social media took this incident by storm. Blogs were writing about it, memes weren’t posted, and of course side by side comparisons were made. Now, this wasn’t the first and according to research, the last time that the Trump Campaign has plagiarized and fabricated things. Critics felt as if whoever wrote the speech should have been terminated, but according to CNN, no one was fired. 

    As far as plagiarism in academic and higher educational institutions goes college students feel that plagiarizing is an easier way to complete their work. As of the year 2021, over 80% of college students indulge in plagiarism and fabrication. Since COVID 19 has transpired all over the world, college students, and even high school students have been ‘cheating’ and plagiarising during remote learning. The urge to copy and paste has been higher than before since virtual learning is on the rise. Virtual cheating is currently done in many ways and forms of fashion. Parents are helping smaller children behind computers and tablets, as well as high school children.

    Some schools have no desire or specific punishment for plagiarism and fabrication during virtual learning, while other schools punish to extents such as suspension and being held back a classification. Though plagiarism and fabrication may be common, it doesn’t make it acceptable. Some students have expressed that they have difficulties with learning virtually which is why they result in cheating and plagiarizing, not to mention how more difficult it is for instructors to keep things in order virtually and in the classroom.

https://www.academicintegrity.org/uncategorized/plagiarism-and-cheating-in-response-to-

the-pandemic/

https://www.quora.com/How-do-students-avoid-plagarism-in-college-and-university-classes